book of dead
Starter papyrus (Annie) enters with his wife (Tutu) to the Hall (Maat) double
weighed by the heart (the symbolic expression of conscience)
against the feather (the mouthpiece of justice and right). In the upper
part of the painting gods who sit in the trial are, respectively, from
right to left, the great god (Horus the horizon) in his boat (called in
Greek Haramajas), (funded), (Shaw), (Tefnut), (insult), (Knott) (Isis),
(Nephthys), (Hror), (Hathor), Lady Omenty
And on the fulcrum of the balance sits a monkey with a dog (companion
sculptures writer gods) and the god (Anubis), jackal-headed testing for
San balance. In the face of Anubis and to the left of the balance (tea)
goddess of fortune (or luck (Annie)) and (heated) arm cubic with a human
some believe to be linked to place of birth of the person, and My God
give birth and raise children (Bast and Rnnt) and spirit (Annie) in the
form of with a bird standing on the gate.To the right and behind (Anubis) stands (Thoth), holding in his hand to writing and painting until the pen registers and behind the outcome of the trial (Thoth) harm macrophages (circulated) in the form of frightening.
SourcesBook of the Dead for the Pharaonic Papyrus Ani in the British Museum / r 12 / d translation. Philippe Attia / Library Madbouli - Cairo / First Edition January 1988.
Papyrus refer to the hall of judgment
Four
papyri afford another one, including a description of the scene in the
lobby of the judgment of the God Osiris (Egyptian Museum). The papyri
are inscribed funerary texts and scenes relating to death and the
afterlife is the guide books to the other world; helping the deceased to
overcome all the difficulties that can be encountered on his journey to
the afterlife.
The many names of those texts; such as "Book of the Dead" or "Book of Gates", or "Book of the caves."
The
first patterned papyrus, from left to right, with chapters from "The
Book of Gates"; with a scene depicting Osiris, wearing a white shroud,
the view from behind his two sisters Isis and Nephthys Almabboudtan, in
front of him and give him the deceased
is an offering of incense vase.
The
papyri are decorated with the second and third funeral texts; with
figures representing the deceased, the gods of the other gods, and some -
including the head of an ibis Thoth, and Horus with a falcon.
The
papyrus is the fourth most important because it shows the hall of
judgment of the God Osiris. And is seated on his throne, and following
the weighing of the heart of the deceased, who was purified with water
before entering the hall; against the feather of the goddess of justice,
"GTI", where the heart is the center of intelligence and personality.
Below
the scales of justice, an imaginary animal waiting to eat the heart of
the deceased; case it should be sin and consequently heavier than the
feather.
Dimensions
Length 24 cm
Width 62 cm
What is the Book of the Dead?
Archaeologists
found a set of spells funeral, which was the most magic spells written
on papyrus was the ancient Egyptians put them in their tombs with the
deceased released deadly archaeologists this spells the name of the book
of the dead, but his name, who launched the ancient Egyptians it is
"out in the light of day", and the main purpose The ancient Egyptians,
who put this incantation is the guiding spirit of the deceased in his
journey in the afterlife.
And consists of Book of the Dead than
200 season, and the book describes the different places crossed by the
spirit of the deceased, as well as attitudes and speech, which is said
to guard the doors, and formulas repeal the evil enemies of light and
the light, and was on the deceased to read and reply to take the
character of any god defender of him, acquires qualities, because it was
afraid of evil spirits take his mouth not be able to speak with the
gods, or to take away from the heart of him, or to cut off his head, or
make him lose his way, so it was reading this wird or spells to assist
in the prevention of evil snakes and flies huge and all kinds of
disadvantages which seeks to Ahlake in the other world, so that can be
up to the doors, which Stouselh to life again in the afterlife.
Among
the most famous chapters of the book of the deceased, Chapter XVII,
Chapter 125, which represents the trial of the deceased in the other
world, as it represents the god Ares, along with 42 judge and a group of
gods who are Iqmon weight of the heart of the deceased to hold him
accountable for his work of the deceased is the remembrance of good
deeds which he has made.
The ancient Egyptian scribe Ansgunha on
papyrus and increase certain fees by the color, was found too many
copies in the graves discovered by Egyptian archaeologists, and the
world was for the German Ecios is the first to have translated the Book
of the Dead translated and published in 1842 AD
(Quote from the Book of the Dead
Translated from the Pharaonic hieroglyphs: Sir Wallis Budge and
translation of the Arabic: d. Philippe Attia)
Full text of this
translation Papyrus ((I)) Saved by the British Museum, which contains
the most important chapters of the Book of the Dead is also the
Pharaonic models ideal for age Book of the Dead in the Theban any New
Kingdom pharaohs.
And have been adopted in the translation to
translate the Egyptologist known BIOS ((Wallis Budge)), which first
published in 1895, accompanied Palmtn hieroglyph and are by nature so
far House ((Dover)) for publication (Dover Publishications Inc. NY) as
you compare it to the provisions of extracts from papyri age Tibi
released by the ((Budge)) edition of the second revised in 1909 in his
book ((Book of the Dead at the age Theban)), which holds its publication
until now house ((Routledge and Kjan)) for publication
(Routledge &
Kegan Paul Ltd. ).
And when I found a difference between translation
translations adopted the latest and most consistent with the spirit of
the text based on the Metn Almiroglevy.
And all that came to this
Arabic translation corresponds to the board the papyrus with the
exception of numbering chapters and arranged and classified, which took
him according to custom, rolling between Egyptologists and allows
numbering comparison process methodology between the texts of the
various papyri and is taken always to refer to the chapters ((book
dead)) in research on ancient Egyptian life and Egyptian religion and
associated topics.
And may help me put margins and introductions
written by ((Budge)) in the formulation of the footnotes of this book
but I tried as much as possible to minimize errors in the pronunciation
of words and explanations and implications mythological and geographical
and by reference to several references in the forefront of
((Encyclopedia Egyptian)) vol. I - the first part, written by a
group of
the finest Egyptian professors in Egyptology.
And specialists in the
field before the public realizes how difficult it is dealt with
intellectuals must vary the views and have tried my best to take
different points of view and recognized in the footnotes.
I hope that
I have thus made a modest contribution in the service of the
translation movement of the heritage of Egypt and in accordance welcomed
by every lover of heritage Pharaonic and the benefit of interested in
studying the human sciences (anthropology) and the myths and religions,
the comparison as it is above all overview civilian side Rehab earth and
sky and the sun and the eternal people Tauloa heights the sun and
immortality and eternal.
The first translated version of the Arabic Book of the Dead
Al
Arab Democratic Party of Nazareth on 25/7/2004 m 919 number for an
article entitled "The first translation of the book for the dead
languages of ancient Egyptian"
Book of the Dead recently released a
translation for the National Project for Translation, the first
translation of the book of the languages of ancient Egyptian into
Arabic directly, the translator and researcher Sheriff Summer, who also
wrote the introduction to the translation, and introduction to another
of the book itself, an approach to understanding the foundations of
philosophical and spiritual, which was based on the book. From the
outset, Sharif refused to be called the Summer Book Book of the Dead
This is the label launched by the Western Egyptologists, and suggests
that the summer go back to the origin, which we call by name the book
given to him by our ancestors bones, who produced
this civilization,
which is out in the day.
The chapters of this book, or rather, its provisions,
have emerged from the New Kingdom, until the fall of the Twenty-sixth
Dynasty 1554 525 BC. M and these texts is an important part of
literature funerary ancient Egyptian, which included hymns and praises
and prayers to help the deceased to complete his career in the
underworld, The ancient Egyptian religion that combines the three worlds
are: the human and the divine, nature, and you see that death is only a
process of transition from world to world.
And then must help
the deceased to complete his career, and he had found the text book of
the dead on the inside walls of the tombs, whether in the form of
pyramids or terraces, and was found carved on the walls of temples and a
blog on the coffins and coffins and stone tablets and papyrus and
leather .. In the opinion of the translator Sharif summer that the
Egyptians did not recognize death as the end of life and the antithesis
of her, but it is a part of becoming a, and refused to be death death,
for example, did not use the ancient Egyptians word death Afro-Asiatic,
except in the negative, choosing instead the word atony in the sense
goes, and reflects, and speeds, and use of the word and the Dja sense to
go there, and Buggy the sense of sleep.
And includes a book of
the dead or the Book of Exodus in the day, 190 text funeral translated
Summer of papyri of the modern state, the most important papyri
preserved in the British Museum and the papyri preserved in the Egyptian
Museum, and finds that the reading surface and naive to the texts of
literature, funerary assume that the Egyptian holy death and the fact
just the opposite, interest in death is part of interest in life itself
and part of the system of moral and philosophical for the ancient
Egyptians, but this was not afraid to Egyptian death never, he felt that
the soul immortal and that the event death is not the only transit
should help the deceased to be completed, hence the funerary texts that
help the soul in the ascent to the maker, In configured for landing on
the shore of certainty.
The Book of the Dead, who came up with
the modern state is based on the background of legendary continued
influence in the consciousness and conscience of the Egyptians three
thousand years, the myth of Isis and Osiris, and is known to Osiris, who
later became the lord of eternity, was murdered by brother Seth symbol
of evil, injustice and torn to pieces, as has been his lover and his
wife Isis for years, combines blown to be sent again, and his teachings
became a new doctrine of the Egyptians, and the Book of the Dead takes
the legitimacy of spiritual and philosophical of this myth, and includes
the texts of the book supplications to the gods on the lips of the
priest, speaking on behalf of the deceased, and the goal supplications
directed by the deceased within his predecessors from the dead, and
includes texts spells and amulets, songs and rituals, and invitations,
also includes a biography of the deceased and the messages sent to him
by his family and every goal that does not feel alienated and isolated
and that goes against God's earth for his sides.
Found on the door of the tomb in the
monastery of wooden Snndjem city, one thousand eight hundred and
eighty-six AD (Egyptian Museum) -And return to important landscapes
painted on it. Where we see on the façade of the Interior, is the
special chapter number seventeen, from the Book of the Dead, depicts the
scene with his wife Snndjem sitting under a canopy of branches, which
plays a cent.
It was for this game popular among the Egyptians, as well as religious influence on the deceased in the afterlife.
Dimensions
Width 78 cm
Height 135 x
"Journey to the other world" when the ancient Egyptians in London
Book of the Dead exhibition at the Pharaohs in London
Offered
to the fine details of the post-life and by the ancient Egyptians on
papyrus in the course of the British Museum in London and explore the
exhibition which is held under the title "Journey to the other world,"
Book of the Dead when the ancient Egyptians more details than ever
before of the theology of the complex was published in the Book of the
Dead, a guide in detail of death and overcome the dangers of the
underworld.
And collection of the British Museum together a unique
collection of papyri that which does not display many of them by because
they are very precise and the exhibition will be held in the reading
room is the main museum in chronological sequence from the moment of
death to burial and the account and the conclusion of Paradise and said
curator John Taylor "The main objective is to give people deeper
understanding of the beliefs of the ancient Egyptians about life after
death and shed more light on the hopes and fears. " The Greenfield
Papyrus is the largest book of the dead as a length of 37 meters and are
shown on the British Museum for the first time.
In addition to the
papyrus, the exhibition also includes coffins and amulets and figurines
were buried and masks painted in gold and Accessories mummy with pieces
borrowed from museums in Paris and Boston and Leiden, the exhibition is
the first of three
exhibitions held by the British Museum to study death
and spirituality through the ages, and will be held next year's show
for sincerity in Europe in the Middle Ages and will be followed in 2012,
an exhibition on the pilgrimage when Muslims continue to show "Journey
to the other world" in the British Museum until the sixth of March /
March next year.
Source: London (Reuters) - 02.13.2011 AD
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